Machine for crozing staves



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

s. P. MAXWELL. MACHINE FOR GROZING STAVES..

No. 296,199.. Patented Apr. 1, 1884.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets- -Sheet 2.

s. F. MAXWELL.

MACHINE FOR GROZING STAVES. I 7 No. 296,199, Patented Apr. 1, 1884.

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MACHINE FOR OROZING STAVES. No. 296,199. I Patented Apr. 1,1884. 7

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UNITED, STATES SAMUEL F. MAX'WELL, OF CLIFTON, IVE-ST VIRGINIA.

MACHINE FOR CROZING STAVES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 296,199, dated April 1,1884:.

Application filed May 17, 1883. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL F. MAXWELL,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Glifton, in the county ofMason and State of (Vest 5 Virginia, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Machines for Grozing Staves, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to machinesfor chainfering and crozing barrels; andthe novelty consists in the construction, arrangement, and adaptation ofparts as will be more fully hereinafter set forth, and specificallypointed out in the claims.

This invention has for its objects to provide novel and efiicient meansfor crozing and chamfering staves of different lengths; to provide meanswhereby short staves having been crozed and chamferedat one end can beagain passed through the machine and crozed and chamfered at theopposite end; to provide means for supporting the stave-carriers andholding the staves well up to the cutters; to provide means whereby thedistance between the carriers and the cutters can be varied; to providefor the adjustment of one carrier laterally toward or from the othercarrier to accommodate short and long staves, and to provide a presserof novel construction for holding the staves on the carriers while theyare being crozed and chamfered. These objects I accomplish in the mannerand by the means hereinafter described and claimed, and as illustratedin the accompanying drawings, in which 5 Figure 1 is a longitudinalsection of the machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is a top planview, showing the springdeflector or means for arranging the blanks in aline upon the carrier. Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken through theline of Fig. 1.. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective of the presser-foot andits actuating-spring. 6 are detail perspective views of theseveralcutters detached; and Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view of asingle 5 carrier-link and its two adjacent open links,

which engage the projections on the sprocketwheel.

To enable others skilled in the art to which the invention relates tomake and use the same, I will now describe the particular constructionand mode of operation of the same,

reference beinghad to the accompanying draw- A designates the mainshaft, having rigid pulley-connection a, with a suitable power, and aremovable threaded sleeve, a, which 1s belted to a pulley, B, on thesame, shaft Z),

with which is a pinion, Z1, which meshes with a gear-wheel, O, on thesame shaft 0, with which is a pinion, c, which meshes with a gear-wheel,D, on the shaft d, which carries a sprocket-wheel, D. This, it will beobserved, comprises a decreasing train of gear from the main shaft whichcarries the cutters, and must of necessity revolve rapidly, to the shaft(Z which carries the sprocket-wheel which impels the carriers, and whichmust have a slow uniform movement in order to properly feed the blanksto the cutters. In order that the movements of these cutters andcarriers shall be uniform, I provide a belt-tightening device which willmaintain the proper tension of the belt which operates over the pulleysct B, which consists, essentially of the elbow-lever E, pivoted to themain frame X at e, to the end of which lever, at c, is loosely connectedthe link 6 which is in turn loosely connected to the elbow-lever c,pivoted to the main frame at e, and carrying a roller, e, which impingesupon the belt as the handle of the lever E is depressed.

It is sufficient for this description to say that the main frameX isstout, mounted upon rollers, and of such dimensions and form as toaccommodate the several working devices shown.

It will be understood that the main shaft A carries two sets ofremovable cutters and drivers, two sprocket-wheels, D, which impel thecarriers, that the said carriers comprise two endless chains passingalong each side of the machine and over idle-pulleys (P, which are hungupon the shaft (P. The cutters are of similar dimensions and form,except as to their central bearing-apertures, which differ in respect tosize, one being hung directly upon the shaft A and the other upon thesleeve K, which as yet is to be explained.

Upon the main shaft A is formed a collar, to, which serves as a bearing,against which one set of the cutters are clamped. This set of cutters iscomposed of the crozing-knife F, the crozing kerf-saw G, thechamfering-knifeH, and the end-saw J, which are arranged inthe orderna1ned,-and are clamped against the said collar a by the threaded pulleya through the means of a disk, J, which has an extended bearing sleeve,j,againstwhichthe said thread- I in the ways 1), and the body of theblock is ed pulley ct engages. The set of cutters and saws upon theopposite side are similar and have similar designating-letters; but itwill be observed that they are clamped against a collar, k, upon asleeve, K. This sleeve has an internal groove, 70, in which is arrangeda spline, is, formed on the shaft A, which con nection forces the saidsleeve K to revolve with the axle A, but allows it to have longitudinaladjustment thereon, a set-screw, 70 serving to hold the sleeve and shaftfirmly together at any desired point of adjustment. The crozing-knife F,croze-saw G, chamfering-knife H, and end-saw J, having been placed inthe order named upon the sleeve K, the disk J,

' sleeve 9', (a separate piece in this case,) and the fly-wheel L areplaced upon the sleeve,

and the nut L screwed up to hold all the parts firmly together andagainst the collar k. My invention is designed to form a croze whichshall have an abrupt kerf side, and a bottom at right angles with eachother, and an incline extending outward from the bottom.

' afford to the corresponding part of the head an enlarged bearing,whichwould not chip off, would afford a suitable nailing-surface, and form anespecially tight and firm joint. The

' particular form and adaptation of this croze constitutes thesubject-matter of a separate application, and it is mentioned here onlyto the better understanding of the crozing-knife shown. Thecrozing-knife F has a stout shank; f, an outer surface corresponding tothe circumference of its motion, a cuttingedge, f, which is inclined atan angle corresponding to that required in the croze, and acutting-edge, f arranged parallel with the axis of motion and adapted toform the bot- .tom or cylindrical portion of the croze. These 1 knivesby their shanks f are secured firmly in recesses f formed in thecollar-frame F by bolts f. These recesses are formed out of line witheach other in order to diffuse the strain,which is considerable, andwould otherwise tend to break the collar F. I attach importance to thisarrangement in its relation to the kerf-saw G. The chips formed by thecutto correspond with the circumference of the sprockets andidle-wheels, over which they pass. Each block \is provided with a metalplate, 1?, secured upon its upper surface, which plate has a projection,10, against which the blank has a bearing, and each block P is providedat its sides with guideways 1). These guides B have horizontal flanges1', which work In the completed barrel this bottom would form acylindrical portion,which would adapted to pass between theguides. Theface of the plate P has a contour approximating that of the knives andsaws described, so that while the said plate firmly supports the blankat either end the cutting devices act upon the blank down closely to theface of the plate, yet not near enough to touch.

The guides Rare trough-shaped, and arranged at opposite sides of themachine, directly under the cutters, and are each preferably made of twosections, connected by transverse bolts r. Each guide is provided on itsunder side with hooks 1", which engage under the transverse bars S, andthrough the hooks pass set-screws 1' which are adapted to bind againstthe said bars, and thus hold the troughs in proper relative position. Byloosening the set-screws at the left of the machine the guide R can beadjusted toward or from the guide at the right of the machine. Theobject of this is to permit the adjustment of the guide to correspondwith the longitudinal adjustment of the cutters carried by the sleeve K,so that the guide will always lie directly under these cutters. Ofcourse, when the guide is adjusted on the bars S, one of the idlepulleysd and one of the sprocket-wheels D will be correspondingly adjusted tobring the endless carrier at the left of the machine into,

proper alignment with its guide. The guide R, at the right of themachine, is capable of adjustment in the same manner as the oppositeguide, but simply for the purpose of bringing it into proper positionrelative to the cutters above it. The bars S are'capable of beingadjusted vertically, and for this purpose I provide the ends of the barswith depending arms 8*, having screw-threaded sockets, in

which are arranged screws 8 having heads 8 resting below projections sof the frame of the machine. By turning these screws in one directionthe bars S will be elevated, and by turning the screws in the oppositedirection said bars will be lowered, and in this way the distancebetween the cutters and the guides and carriers may be changed toprovide for blanks of varying thicknesses and to regulate the depth ofout.

In order that all the blanks shall be presented to the cutters in adirect line I provide a guide, T, upon the right-hand side of themachine, looking in the direction of travel of the carriers. Secured tothe opposite side of the machine is a spring-guide, T, the province ofwhich is to engage the ends of the blanks and force them over againstthe guide upon the right-hand side, the spring force being sufficient toinsure the .proper movement of each and all of the blanks, yetaccommodating readily the different lengths thereof. The cutters uponthe left-hand side, it will be remembered, are readily adjusted so as totreat any desired length of staves within the capacity of the machine.It being desired then to produce a series of staves of a length of, say,thirty inches, all the blanks which are fully that length or I more willbe finished complete at a single opmechanism for adjusting the sleevealong the shorter length will result.

eration. It frequently occurs, however, that blanks considerably shorterwill be fed to the machine, in which case they will be properly crozedup on the end corresponding to the righthand side of the machine.According to my fnvention it is only necessary to readjust the left-hand cutters to the shorter blanks, remove the right-hand cutters, andpass the unfinished staves again through the machine without regard toeither particular end being in one particular direction, when a finishedstave of a This automatic guide 'I" is secured to the main frame in anyproper manner which will allow its adjustment to give greater or lessspring force.

It will be obvious that after the blanks have been properly adjusted ina line, and while they are being operated upon by the cutters, they mustbe firmly held against movement, and for this purpose Iprovide aspring-presser foot, U, upon either side, which foot is properly securedto the main frame and acts upon the blanks at a point directly over thecarrier chains. Each presser-foot is provided with a verticalthreadedarm, a, which is adapted to operate loosely through an aperture,at, above,

and a nut, a, to limit its downward stroke. Each foot has also upon itsupper surface a locking guide-arm, n, which operates as a guide, and alook through a slot, '0, in a stout curved spring, V. This spring isadapted to act with a constant force to hold the presserfoot firmly uponthe blanks, and its spring force is adjusted by belts o upon either endand nuts.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim is- 1. In a machine forcrozing and chamfering barrelstaves, the combination of a revolvingshaft having rigidly-attached cutters at one end andlongitudinally-movable cutters at the other end, with traveling carriersfor moving the staves past the cutters, mechanism for adjusting themovable cutters along the shaft, and devices for adjusting one of thecarriers toward and from. the other carrier independently of theadjustment of the longitudinally.- movable cutters, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a machine for crozing and chamfering staves, the combination ofa'revolving shaft having rigidly-attached cutters at one end andlongitudinally-rnovable cutters at the other end, horizontal barssupported below the cutter-shaft, trouglrshaped guides arranged on thebars, carriers traveling in the guides to move the staves past thecutters, mechanism for adjusting the movable cutters along the shaft,and devices for adjusting one of the guides and its carrier along thebar independently of the longitudinal adjustment of the movable cutters,substantially as described.

3. In a machine for crozing and chamfering staves, the combination of arevolving shaft having cutters rigidly attached thereto at one end, asliding sleeve arranged on the other end of the shaft, and carryingattached cutters,

shaft, horizontal bars arranged beneath the shaft, trough-shaped guidessupported on the bars, carriers traveling in the guides, and devices foradjusting one trough and its carrier alongthe bar independently of thelongitudinal adjustment of the same on the revolving shaft,substantially as described.

4. In a machine for crozing and chamfering staves, the combination of arevolving shaft having at one end rigidly-attached cutters and at theopposite end longitudinally-movable cutters, with trough-shaped guides,carriers travelin gin the guides, and independent mechanism foradjusting the movable cutters and one of the guides and its carrier independently of the adjustmeiit of each other, whereby the guide can befirst adjusted and the movable cutters subsequently adjusted to coincidewith the adjustment of the trough and its carrier, substantiallyasidescribed.

5. In amaehine for crozing and chamfering staves, the combination of therevolving shaft having,rigidly-attached cutters at one end andlongitudinally-movable cutters at the other end, with mechanism foradjusting the movable cuttcrs along the shaft, the horizontal barsbeneath the shaft, the trough. shaped guides having hooks on their undersides which engage the bars, the carriers traveling in the guides, anddevices for clamping the hooks to the bars and permitting the guides andcarriers to be adjusted independently of the longitudinal adjustment ofthe movable cutters on the shaft, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the revolving shaft having croze-cutters ateach end, and those at one end capable of longitudinal adjustment, ofstave-carriers, carrier-guides, and means such substantially asdescribed for adjusting both guides vertically and one guide toward orfrom the other guide to correspond to the lateral adjustment of thecutters at one end of the shaft, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the revolving shaft having crozing-outters at eachend, those at one end being capable of longitudinal adjust ment, thecarriers, the carrier-guides having hooks on their under sides, thetransverse bars with which said hooks engage, and setscrews clamping thehooks 011 the bars and permit ting the guides to be adjusted thereoninde- IIO pendently of the longitudinal adjustment of I20

